The Universe: Origin & Constituents

The Universe is a gigantic area of space and the whole lot that is found within it containing entire Matter, Energy, Clusters, Galaxies, Stars, Asteroids, Planets, and Living Creatures. It includes all that can be observed by telescopes as well as other scientific tools; besides, all other objects and phenomenon that we cannot detect directly like dark matter, dark energy, non-material etc... 

It is estimated that the universe emerged somewhat around 14 billion years ago because of cosmological incident called as Big Bang. From that moment on, new galaxies, stars and other cosmic objects are being created and expanded continously. 

Multiverse: Here briefly like to mention a speculative concept in cosmology and theoretical physics known as Multiverse that suggests the existence of multiple universes or domains, each with potentially different physical laws, constants, or conditions. These separate universes may exist alongside or parallel to our own. 

The idea of a multiverse arises from various theories, such as the "Many-Worlds Interpretation" of quantum mechanics and inflationary cosmology. It posits that our universe is just one of many, possibly infinite, universes within a broader multiverse. Each universe in the multiverse could have unique properties, physical laws, or initial conditions.

The multiverse is a subject of ongoing debate and research in cosmology, and its existence remains a topic of speculation and exploration. It's important to note that the concept of a multiverse is theoretical and has not been definitively proven or observed.

Composition of the Universe

The universe is made up of various components, including both visible, invisible matter, non-matter and energy. Here's a breakdown of what the universe is composed of:

1. Matter: Matter is anything that has mass and occupies some space. Visible Matter, is everything that can be directly observed, it consisits of:

    Atoms: All matter is made up of Atoms. Atoms are miniscule, generally about 100 picometers. Because of extreme smallness it is almost impossible to accurately predict their functioning. Atoms includes Nucleus containing 99.9 % Mass (with neutrons and protons) encompassed by electorns. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Helium and many other elements form matter in the universe.

Atoms can attach or detach with other atoms that result in forming molecules and compounds. This very ability of the atoms is the main cause of most physical changes observed in the universe. 

    Molecules: The formation of molecules occur when atoms are merged through chemical bonding. Molecules can be Complex compounds like DNA or simple like Water (H2O). However, whether these compounds are mere atoms or there is  something more needs exhaustive exploration.

    Stars and Planets: Stars are massive celestial objects primarily composed of hydrogen and helium undergoing nuclear fusion, producing light and heat. Planets, including Earth, are celestial bodies that orbit stars.

    Galaxies: Galaxies are vast collections of stars, planets, dust, gas, and dark matter bound together by gravity. Our Milky Way is an example of a galaxy.

    Radiation: The universe is filled with various forms of radiation, including: Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): This is residual radiation from the Big Bang and is present throughout the universe as microwave radiation; Light and Electromagnetic Radiation: Light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation travel through the universe, including visible light, radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays.

2. Dark Matter: Dark matter is a mysterious, invisible substance that does not emit, absorb, or reflect electromagnetic radiation (such as light). It is believed to make up a significant portion of the universe's mass, but its exact nature is still not fully understood. Dark matter is detected indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter.

3. Dark Energy: Dark energy is another enigmatic component of the universe. It's a form of energy that is thought to be responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe. Like dark matter, dark energy is not directly observable, and its nature remains a topic of active research.

4. Non-material/Non-Matter: It refers to something that is not physical or material in nature. It can be an idea, belief, cognitive ability, social role, rule, ethics, or attitude of a society. It is subjective and need to be scrutinized through probablistic logic and abstract reasoning. Thinking ability and conscience of brain, phenomenon behind breath are some of the examples. Another aspect that of Non-Matter behind Matter is also explored.

Normal or visible matter comprises around 5% of the Universe. This is everything we can directly observe. Most normal matter is made up of atomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. It can exist as a gas, solid, liquid, or plasma of charged particles. 

Dark matter and Dark energy consists of 95% of the Universe: Like ordinary matter, dark matter takes up space and holds mass. But it doesn’t reflect, absorb, or radiate light – at least not enough for us to detect yet. Dark energy is a mysterious form of energy that is thought to permeate all of space and accelerate the expansion of the universe. Non Material is abstarct and vague. While researchers have measured that Non-Material, Dark matter & Dark Energy make up about 95% of the cosmos, they’re not sure what it is.

So, the universe is primarily composed of matter (atoms, molecules, stars, planets, galaxies) along with significant amounts of dark matter, dark energy and non-material. These components collectively make up the fabric of the cosmos, as we currently understand it, although there are ongoing scientific and intellectual efforts to uncover more about the nature of non-material, dark matter and dark energy.

These are the fundamental building blocks of the universe according to our current understanding. However, research and reinterpretation in this field is ongoing and our understanding may evolve as scholars continue to explore and redefine these fascinating topics.

Mathematics & The Universe:

Not everything in the world is based on mathematics, but mathematics is a fundamental and pervasive tool for understanding and describing many aspects of the natural world and human endeavors. Mathematics provides a universal language for expressing and analyzing patterns, relationships, and structures. It plays a crucial role in various fields, including science, engineering, economics, and technology.

Mathematics plays a fundamental and central role in our understanding of the universe. It serves as the language through which scientists and researchers describe and model the physical laws, relationships, and phenomena that govern the cosmos.

In the Universe we found immensely huge and immensely minute things, their exact measurement is vague.  

While mathematics is essential for describing and predicting many phenomena, there are aspects of human experience and the universe that cannot be fully captured or explained through mathematical equations alone. For example, art, ethics, philosophy, emotions, and many aspects of human culture and society are not solely reducible to mathematics.

Mathematics is an essential tool in the study of the universe, enabling scientists to develop theories, make predictions, and interpret observations. It provides a rigorous framework for exploring the fundamental laws and phenomena that govern the cosmos, from the smallest particles to the largest cosmic structures.

Except the fundamental concepts, there are few things which are absolute in the Universe. Furthermore, everything is in a flux therefore probabilty is vital for making rational estimates.  

In summary, while mathematics is incredibly important and widely applicable, it is not the only way to understand or describe everything in the world. There are many facets of reality that require other methods and perspectives beyond mathematics to be fully appreciated and comprehended.

Conclusion:

Our Knowledge about the universe is imperfect and  minimal, whether the Universe was Created or existed on its own requires holistic analysis. In order to form any rational opinion we need to study all aspects regarding any issue. 

We found different kind of patterns, intricate design, interdependence, supportive sustainabilty and order in the Universe. Objects, enviroment and creatures exists in such a way that support existence and sustanence that indicates a specific purpose. Further, size and position, specific speed and propotions all requires rigorous study to come to an informed and rational synthesis that we will undertake in explicating different objects and systems in our topics.