World PhiloMathematics & Design Society

Clouds are one of the most captivating and beautiful phenomena in nature. They are collections of tiny water droplets or ice crystals that float in the air, reflecting and scattering sunlight in different ways. Clouds can have various shapes, sizes, colors and altitudes, depending on the atmospheric conditions and the type of cloud. The shape, size, and distribution of clouds depend on many factors, such as the amount of moisture in the air, the wind speed and direction, the temperature and pressure, and the presence of mountains or other obstacles.  Clouds can create stunning visual effects, such as rainbows, halos, sun dogs and glories.  Clouds can be classified into different types based on their height, appearance, and composition. Four main types of clouds are: cirrus, stratus, cumulus and nimbus.  Cirrus: Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy and high-altitude clouds (above 6 km) that often look like feathers or curls. They are made of ice crystals and indicate fair weather or a change i

  The Moon is Earth's natural satellite, and it is the fifth-largest moon in the solar system. It is the closest celestial body to Earth, orbiting our planet at an average distance of about 238,900 miles (384,400 kilometres). The Moon plays several important roles in our solar system and has fascinated humans for centuries. Here are some key characteristics and roles of the Moon: Size and Composition: The Moon has a diameter of approximately 2,160 miles (3,475 kilometres), which is about 1/4 the size of Earth. It is primarily composed of rocky material, and its surface is covered in craters, mountains, valleys, and plains. Orbit: The Moon orbits Earth in an elliptical path, taking about 27.3 days to complete one orbit. It rotates on its axis in roughly the same amount of time, which is why we always see the same side of the Moon facing Earth. This is called synchronous rotation. Phases: The Moon goes through a cycle of phases as seen from Earth. These phases include the New Moon

The Sun is a massive, luminous, and hot star that is at the center of our solar system. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, undergoing nuclear fusion in its core. This fusion process is what produces the immense amount of energy and light that the Sun emits. Estimated features of the Sun are: Composition: The Sun is primarily composed of about 74% hydrogen and 24% helium. Other trace elements make up the remaining 2% of its mass. Energy Production: The Sun's core is extremely hot and under immense pressure, which enables nuclear fusion to occur. Hydrogen atoms in the core combine to form helium, releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the form of light and heat. This energy generation is what provides the heat and light for our solar system. Size: The Sun is incredibly large. It has a diameter of about 1.4 million kilometers (870,000 miles), which is approximately 109 times the diameter of Earth. It makes up about 99.86% of the

The sky is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in nature. It can change its color, shape, and mood depending on the time of day, the season, and the weather. The sky is the expanse of air and atmosphere that appears above the Earth's surface when one looks upward. The sky is part of the Earth's environment, and when we talk about the sky, we usually refer to what is visible from our planet's surface. It includes the region where one sees clouds, the sun, the moon, stars, and other celestial objects as well as atmospheric phenomena like rainbows and lightning.  The sky is composed of different layers of gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, that are held by the Earth's gravity. The sun, the moon, and the stars are visible in the sky because they are much farther away than the atmosphere. The sun is the main source of light for the sky, and its position and angle affect how we perceive the color and brightness of the sky. One of the most common phenomena that

The origin of life is a topic of philosophical, theological as well as scientific inquiry and speculation, and various theories have been proposed to explain how life may have emerged from non-life. In science exact mechanisms of life's origin are still a subject of ongoing research and debate, and there is no single universally accepted theory. Hypothesis regarding origin can be classified into two schools of thought viz., theistic and atheistic. Some of the key theories about the origin of life include: Abiogenesis : This is the leading scientific theory proposed by athetists on the origin of life. It proposes that life arose from non-living matter on early Earth. Abiogenesis suggests that the first life forms evolved from simple organic molecules through a series of chemical reactions. The Miller-Urey experiment conducted in the 1950s, demonstrated that amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) could be created under conditions resembling the early Earth's atmosphere whi

It is beleived that physiological life is made up of various elements, molecules, and processes that come together to create living organisms. The fundamental building blocks of life include: Atoms: Atoms are the basic units of matter. The key elements found in living organisms are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur (can be remembered using the acronym CHONPS). These elements form the basis of biological molecules. Molecules: Biological molecules are complex structures composed of atoms bonded together. The most important classes of biological molecules include: Proteins: Made up of amino acids, proteins are crucial for various functions in cells, such as enzymes that catalyze reactions, structural support, and signaling. Nucleic acids: These include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), which store and transmit genetic information, respectively. Lipids: Lipids include fats, oils, and phospholipids. They serve as energy storage, form cell m

The origin of the universe is a topic that has intrigued all thinkers, philosophers, scientists and theologians for centuries. It can not be claimed with certainity whether universe is infinitely big or just extremely large. However, several hypotesis are presented to explain how the universe came into existence, including: 1. Big Bang Hypothesis : Majority of the scientists believe in Big Bang as a cosmological model for the origin of the universe. It proposes that the universe began as a singularity , at an infinitely hot and dense point , approximately 14 billion years ago . This singularity then rapidly expanded and continues to expand, giving rise to the universe as we know it. 2. Inflation Hypothesis : The Inflation Theory is an extension of the Big Bang. It suggests that, shortly after the initial expansion began, the universe underwent a rapid and exponential expansion, causing the universe to become flat and homogeneous . This theory helps explain certain features of the cos